Greece,
the cradle of Western civilization, the origin of drama and
history and philosophy, the birthplace of democracy.
Athens
is the vibrant city with great appeal and charm.
One of the safest and most affordable cities in the world (the
least expensive capital in Europe, according to EUROSTAT, the
official EU statistical publication ), as well as one of its
most beautiful, hospitable and exciting .
Mythology relates that Aegina is named after the daughter of
Asopos, who was abducted by Zeus. The god transported her to
the then deserted island and fathered a son, Aiakos, who afterwards
became one of the three judges of the underworld.
According to archaeological evidence, Aegina was inhabited from
the Neolithic era and is considered to be the birthplace of
Aristophanes.
Pausanias writes that near the harbour there were temples dedicated
to Aphrodite, Apollo, Artemis, Dionysus and Asclepius.
Nothing of these remains but a single Doric column from the
6th century temple of Apollo on the small picturesque hillock,
called "Kolona".
The most important archaeological site lies to the east of the
island near Agia Marina, where the temple of Aphaia, a very
ancient goddess once patroness of Aegina is situated. The first
temple was erected in 570 B.C.and destroyed some sixty years
later. The temple whose remains we see today was build on the
same spot out of limestone from the vicinity. Traces of the
original temple can be seen in the foundations of this Doric
building
Salamis lies in the small bay opposite Piraeus, Elefsina and
Megara.
The
heavy industry in the area has blighted the natural beauty of
the island, but its name still evokes its illustrious past.
Salamis, birthplace of the tragic poet Euripides, made its mark
on history with the famous battle in 480 B.C., when the Greeks
routed the fleet of Xerxes, consolidating the Greek miracle.
Today
the strait where the battle was fought is plied by the ferries
linking Perama and Paloukia.
Pausanias
in his guide speaks about Salamis, mentioning the Agora and
the ruins of the temple of Aiakos and the related mysteries.
He also refers to the Sanctuaries of Asclepius, Dionysus and
Artemis. Echoes of the Byzantine era are also present, in the
convent of the Virgin Faneromeni and the remarkable frescoes
in its church.
Today's
tourists will also enjoy the sandy beaches of Iliakti, Moulki,
Kanakia and Peristeria
A
volcanic island, formed through the union of two smaller islands,
Kalouria and Sphaeria. It lies in close proximity to the Argolid,
separated from the Peloponnese by an extremely narrow channel.
Archaeology
buffs will want to visit the scant remains of the Sanctuary
of Poseidon, 5 km. from he town of Poros on the road to the
Monastery of Zoodochos Pigi.
The
sanctuary in situated, like so many ancient temples, amidst
the most beautiful setting on the island. It dates to the 6th
century B.C. and was the centre of the Kalaurian League, a maritime
confederation formed by Ermioni, Epidaurus, Nafplio, Aegina,
Athens and Orchomenos. It was also a refuge for the shipwrecked
and persecuted. It was here that Demosthenes is said to have
drunk poison after having been cornered by his enemies in 322
B.C.
Built
up the sides of a small hill, the town of Poros has the blue
woodwork and white walls so typical of Greek island architecture.
Swimmers
will find charming little sandy bays all along the way to Neorio,
rimmed with pine trees down to the sea.
The approach to Poros by ferry is especially picturesque.
Crossing
to the mainland is made easy by dozens of little boats constantly
transporting people from coast to coast. A visit to the Lemon
Forest (Lemonodassos) is a favourite excursion from Galatas.
Corfu (Kerkira) is the northernmost island of western Greece.
The capital, also called Corfu, has two small harbors with large
Venetian fortresses. With Italian, French and English influences
evident in its architecture, Corfu is a typical Ionian island
town. It is made up of wide avenues and large squares, among
them the graceful Spanada or esplanade, cobbled alleyways, arches
and colonnades. Recommended sights are the Archaeological Museum,
which houses finds from local archaeological excavations, the
Museum of Asiatic Art, the Town Hall, a splendid example of
Venetian architecture, the 12th century Byzantine Churches of
St. Jason and of St. Spyridon. On the western side of the island
the roads thread their way through olive and orange groves,
pine trees and cypresses. Resorts on Corfu include Kanoni, where
a narrow causeway leads to the museum palace the Achilleion,
partly converted into a casino, Ipsos and Paleokastritsa.
The largest and most southerly Greek island, Crete is rich in
historical remains and scenic variety. Along the northern shores
there are modern resorts. Alongside lie the scattered remains
of older civilizations - Minoan palaces, Byzantine churches,
Venetian castles and sites of more recent struggles. Crete is
divided into four prefectures - Hania, Rethymnon, Heraklion
and Aghios Nikolaos. Heraklion, the largest and busiest town
on the island, has a variety of night life and sightseeing to
offer. In the prefecture of Heraklion are three of the most
important Minoan centers - Knossos, Phaestos and Malia. Crete
is well known as the setting for the battle between Thesseus
and the Minotaur, and the ruins of Knossos are popularly held
to be the site of the labyrinth. East of Heraklion is Aghios
Nikolaos, one of the best known holiday resorts on the island.
Much of the east coast of Crete has been developed specifically
as a tourist area. In Rethymnon there is a well preserved Venetian
fort behind the harbor and like the other large towns on the
north coast, Venetian influence is apparent in the architecture.
Hania, the main town, has a mixture of modern, neo-classical
and Venetian architecture. Places to visit are the popular seaside
resorts of Platanos, Maleme and Kolimbari; other resorts include
Aghia Galini, Hersonissos, Malia, Sitia and Ierapetra.
Mykonos is 95 nautical miles from Piraeus. Renowned for its
many windmills, catching the brisk meltemi breezes,
this barren island is a very popular holiday resort. Mykonos
town comprises a modern harbor, whitewashed alleys, churches
in the distinctive local Cycladic style, shops selling local
arts and crafts, small taverns, cafes and discotheques. The
Paraportiani Church near the quay is considered to be an architectural
masterpiece. The Archaeological Museum exhibits finds excavated
from the necropolis on the nearby islet of Rineia. There is
also a Museum of Popular Art. Interesting excursions can be
made to the monasteries of Aghios Panteleimon, close to Hora,
and the Tourliani Monastery at Ano Mera. Beaches range from
cosmopolitan to secluded, and include Aghios Stefanos, Kalafatis,
Ornos. The best beaches, however, are on the south side of the
island and can be reached by caique from Platy Yalos. They are
Paradise, Super Paradise, Agrari and Elia. From Mykonos, there
is a boat service to the island of Delos.
Rhodes is one of the most popular and best developed islands
in the Mediterranean and is 267 nautical miles from Piraeus.
The main town, also called Rhodes, lies on the very northern
tip of the island. It is made up of two distinct parts, the
new town and the old town which stands within the walls of the
medieval fortress. The 15th century Knights Hospital is
now an archaeological museum which houses the celebrated Aphrodite
of Rhodes. The Palace of the Grand Master also has a splendid
collection. 2km to the west of Rhodes town lies the acropolis
of Ancient Rhodes. Many impressive ruins can still be seen,
including the Temple of Apollo and a theatre and a stadium,
which date back to the 2nd century BC. At Filerimos, 15km (9
miles) from Rhodes, lie the ruins of ancient Ialisos. The view
from the acropolis is spectacular. Ancient Kameiros, 25km (16
miles) southwest of Ialisos, is one of the few archaeological
sites in Greece where there are many buildings and monuments.
Thira (Santorini) is 127 nautical miles from Piraeus. Vast geological
upheavals gave this Cycladic island its unique form-a steep
plateau with sheer cliffs which rises from the sea. Because
of its height and shape, there is often a warm wind that blows
through the island. A cable car, pack mules or donkeys carry
visitors up from the harbor of Skala to the islands capital
Thira, a picturesque town with twisting whitewashed alleys,
arcades, a museum and an old Frankish quarter. It is also a
good vantage point from which to view the Kamenes, two jet black
volcanic islets in the bay that can be visited by light craft.
There are some interesting archaeological remains in Ancient
Thira which has witnessed the passage of Phoenicians, Dorians,
Romans and Byzantines. There are remains of a cluster of houses,
a market place, baths, theaters, temples, tombs and early Christian
relics. Akrotiri is also of great interest for the relics of
the Minoan civilization which have been excavated there